The olive tree takes root at home

A symbol of peace, wisdom, and longevity, the olive tree (the Olea Cipressino from Tuscany at Oliviers&Co) is much more than just a fruit tree, it is the iconic plant of the Mediterranean basin.

Whether planted in the ground in the South or grown in a pot on an urban balcony, the olive tree brings character and elegance to any space. Here’s everything you need to know about this mythical, historic tree… and how to successfully welcome one into your home !

The olive tree is a fruit-bearing tree that produces the famous olives and grows mainly around the Mediterranean basin. It thrives in warm, dry climates and is typically planted in areas away from cities, where the soil is well-drained and composed mainly of sand and stones.

For optimal growth, olive trees require hot, dry summers and mild winters. At least six hours of sunlight per day is essential for fruiting and overall vitality.

Although highly drought-tolerant, olive trees still require regular watering, especially during periods of intense heat. However, overwatering can be fatal, as excess moisture may cause root rot. The key lies in balance and moderation.

In winter, olive trees are sensitive to frost. Harsh winters can severely damage or even kill them. It is important to protect them with frost covers or better yet, bring them indoors if possible.

Choosing an olive tree is a long-term commitment one that can span generations. A healthy, well-maintained tree can live for several centuries.

Olive trees typically begin producing their first olives between 5 and 7 years of age, reaching full production between 20 and 50 years. After around 150 years, yields decrease and the oils produced tend to become milder.

There are more than 2,000 olive tree varieties worldwide. In France, the most well-known include Aglandau, Picholine, and Lucques.

Although relatively low-maintenance, olive trees still require a few essential care practices to stay healthy.

While adapted to dry climates, olive trees still need thoughtful watering tailored to their growth cycle. Young trees, in particular, require regular watering during their first two years to promote strong root development and stability.

When grown in pots, olive trees are slightly more demanding. The soil dries out faster than in natural ground, so watering must be more frequent typically around 200 ml every two days in summer, and every three days in winter.

Leaf loss in summer may indicate insufficient watering or overly dry conditions.

Be careful not to overwater: the soil surface should be allowed to dry out between waterings to prevent drowning the roots.

Regardless of the pot material, it must have proper drainage holes to allow excess water to escape. Standing moisture is a serious risk for olive trees.

Olive trees need plenty of natural light to thrive. They should receive at least six hours of direct sunlight per day.

Full sun exposure is essential, ideally in a location sheltered from cold winds such as a south or southwest-facing terrace or balcony.

They can also grow indoors, provided they benefit from strong natural light.

Choose a pot large enough to allow roots to develop freely. Terracotta pots are recommended, and the container size should be adjusted as the tree grows.

The soil must be well-draining. A potting mix designed for Mediterranean plants is preferable, as it contains the right mineral balance compared to standard soil.

You can also create your own substrate by layering potting soil, clay pebbles, river sand, or gravel.

Repotting involves transferring a plant to a larger pot to support root development.

If you’ve just purchased an olive tree, you can repot it within the first year, depending on root growth. Ideally, repot every 3 years when the tree is young, then every 5 years as it matures adjusting based on the tree and pot size.

Repotting should always be done in spring, when the tree is in its active growth phase and roots can re-establish more effectively.

Although olive trees are accustomed to high temperatures, indoor or enclosed environments in summer can cause them to dry out quickly. Placing the tree in partial shade during the afternoon can help prevent excessive dryness.

In regions where winter temperatures drop below freezing, the tree should be brought indoors to protect it from frost. Place it near a well-lit window, avoiding overheated or poorly ventilated areas.

Generally, potted olive trees benefit from natural fertilizer during their growing season, typically from May to July, when sap flow increases.

Applying fertilizer every two weeks is recommended to support growth. Ideally, use a liquid fertilizer suitable for Mediterranean plants during watering.

You now have everything you need to help your olive tree thrive for decades to come.